Photocell
Aalad iftiimisa iftiinka.Waxaa loo isticmaalaa mitirka iftiinka sawirada, nalalka tooska ah ee galab-ciidka iyo codsiyada kale ee xasaasiga ah, photocell-ku wuxuu ku kala duwan yahay iska caabbinta labada terminal iyadoo lagu saleynayo tirada photons (iftiinka) ee ay hesho.Waxa kale oo loo yaqaan "photodetector," "photoresistor" iyo " iska caabin ku tiirsan iftiin" (LDR).
Qalabka semiconductor-ka ee photocell waa caadi ahaan cadmium sulfide (CdS), laakiin walxo kale ayaa sidoo kale la isticmaalaa.Photocells iyo photodiodes ayaa loo isticmaalaa codsiyada la midka ah;si kastaba ha ahaatee, photocell-ku waxa uu u gudbiyaa hadda laba-jiho, halka photodiode-ku uu yahay mid jiho ah.
Photodiode
Dareemka iftiinka (photodetector) kaas oo u ogolaanaya hadda in uu u socdo hal jiha oo ka yimid dhinaca kale marka uu nuugo photons (iftiin).Iftiinka badan, hadda waa badan yahay.Loo isticmaalo in lagu ogaado iftiinka dareemayaasha kamaradaha, fiilooyinka indhaha iyo codsiyada kale ee xasaasiga ah, photodiode waa ka soo horjeeda diode iftiimiya iftiinka (eeg LED).Photodiodes waxay ogaadaan iftiinka waxayna u oggolaadaan koronto socodka;LED-yadu waxay helaan koronto waxayna sii daayaan iftiin.
Unugyada Qoraxda waa Photodiodes
Unugyada qoraxda waa photodiodes kuwaas oo kiimiko ahaan loo daweeyay (doped) si ka duwan kan photodiode ee loo isticmaalo beddelka ama gudbinta.Marka unugyada cadceeddu ay ku dhufato iftiinka, maaddadooda silikoon waxay ku faraxsan tahay xaalad koronto yar ay dhaliso.Nidaamyo badan oo ah photodiodes-ka unugyada cadceedda ayaa loo baahan yahay si ay u koronto guri.
Phototransistor
Transistor-ka isticmaala iftiinka halkii uu ka isticmaali lahaa koronto si uu korontadu u keeno dhinac ilaa dhinaca kale.Waxaa loo adeegsadaa dareemayaasha kala duwan ee lagu ogaanayo joogitaanka iftiinka.Phototransistors waxay isku daraan photodiode iyo transistor si ay u dhaliyaan wax soo saar badan oo hadda jira marka loo eego photodiode laftiisa.
Koronto-dhaliyaha
U beddelashada sawirrada elektarooniga ah.Marka iftiinka birta lagu shido, elektaroonnada ayaa laga sii daayaa atamka.Inta jeer ee iftiinka iftiinka uu sarreeyo, tamarta elektarooniga ah ayaa sii badanaysa.Dareemayaasha Photonic ee nooc kasta ah waxay ku shaqeeyaan mabda'an, tusaale ahaan photocell, iyo unugga sawir-qaadista waa qalab elektaroonik ah.Waxay dareemayaan iftiin waxayna sababaan socodka korantada.
dhismo
Photocell wuxuu ka kooban yahay tuubo dhalo ah oo la daadgureeyay oo ka kooban laba koronto-dhaliye iyo ururiye.Emitter-ku waxa uu u qaabaysan yahay qaab dhululubo-godan.mar walba waxaa lagu hayaa meel xun.ururiyaha waa qaab bir ah oo lagu dhejiyay dhidibka emitter-ka-sare.ururiyaha ayaa had iyo jeer lagu hayaa meel wanaagsan.Tuubada dhalada waxay ku rakiban tahay saldhig aan biraha ahayn, biinankana waxaa lagu bixiyaa saldhigga isku xirka dibadda.
ka shaqaynaysa
Emitter-ku wuxuu ku xiran yahay terminaalka taban, aruuriyaha wuxuu ku xiran yahay terminalka togan ee baytariga.shucaaca soo noqnoqda oo ka badan inta jeer ee soo noqnoqda ee walxaha emitter-ka ayaa ku dhaca wax-soo-saarka.sawir qaade ayaa dhacaya.Sawirka-electrons-ka waxaa soo jiitay aruuriyaha taas oo si togan u wrt emitter-ka sidaas darteed socodka hadda ee wareegga.Haddii xoogga shucaaca dhacdada la kordhiyo kororka hadda jira.
Xaaladeena kale ee codsiga xakamaynta sawirka
Shaqada aaladda sawir-qaade waa in la ogaado heerarka iftiinka qorraxda, ka dibna shid ama dami qalabyada lagu xiray.Tignoolajiyadan waxaa loo isticmaali karaa siyaabo badan, laakiin mid ka mid ah tusaalooyinka ugu caansan ayaa noqon doona nalalka waddooyinka.Waad ku mahadsan tahay dareemayaasha photocell iyo furayaasha, dhamaantood si toos ah ayaa loo dami karaa loona dami karaa iyadoo lagu salaynayo qorrax dhaca iyo soo baxa.Tani waxay noqon kartaa hab fiican oo lagu badbaadiyo tamarta, lahaansho toos ah nalka amniga ama xitaa si fudud in nalalka beertaadu u iftiimiyaan waddooyinkaaga habeenkii adoon shidin.Waxaa jira siyaabo badan oo kala duwan oo loo isticmaalo photocells nalalka dibadda, degaan, ganacsi ama ujeedooyin warshadeed.Waxa kaliya oo aad u baahan tahay in lagu xidho goob wareeg ah si aad awood ugu yeelato in aad xakamayso dhamaan qalabka lagu rakibo, markaa looma baahna in aad gadato hal shidiye halkii laambad.
Waxaa jira noocyo badan oo kala duwan oo ah furayaasha iyo kontaroolada photocell, dhamaantood waxay ku habboon yihiin xaalado kala duwan iyo faa'iidooyin kala duwan.Dareemida ugu fudud ee lagu dhejin karo waxay noqon doontaa sawirka korka asliga ah.Koontaroolada dabaasha sidoo kale aad bay u fududahay in la rakibo laakiin waxay bixiyaan dabacsanaan badan.Maroojis-Lock sawir-qaadista xoogaa aad ayay u adag tahay in la rakibo, si kastaba ha ahaatee aad ayay u adag tahay waxaana loo dhisay inay u adkeyso gariirrada iyo saameynta yaryar iyada oo aan jebin ama keenin kala-goynta wareegga.Badhannada sawir-qaadista waxay si fiican ugu habboon yihiin nalalka dibadda, loogu talagalay in si fudud loo dhejiyo.
Isha xogta la heli karo:
1. www.pcmag.com/encyclopedia/term/photocell
2. lightbulbsurplus.com/parts-components/photocell/
3. baro.adafruit.com/photocells
4. thefactfactor.com/facts/pure_science/physics/photoelectric-cell/4896/
5. www.elprocus.com/phototransistor-basics-circuit-diagram-advantages-applications/
Waqtiga boostada: Jul-16-2021