Gabatarwa
A cikin fasahar zamani, bambance-bambancen da ke tsakanin na'urori daban-daban na iya ji a wasu lokuta kamar tantance lambar sirri.A yau, bari mu ba da haske a kan abin da ya zama ruwan dare gama gari: bambanci tsakanin na’urar daukar hoto da firikwensin motsi.Waɗannan na'urori marasa zato suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a rayuwarmu ta yau da kullun, duk da haka bambance-bambancen su na iya guje wa saninmu.
Wataƙila kun ci karo da photocells da firikwensin motsi sau da yawa ba tare da ba su tunani na biyu ba.Photocell, wanda kuma aka sani da photoresistor, yana amsa canje-canje a cikin haske, juyawa tsakanin kunnawa da kashe jihohi.
A gefe guda, amotsi firikwensinyana gano motsi, yana haifar da ayyuka dangane da fasalin sa ido.A kallo, suna iya zama kamar 'yan uwan nesa a cikin duniyar firikwensin, amma zurfafa zurfafa, kuma za ku gano iyawarsu da aikace-aikace na musamman.
A cikin wannan labarin, za mu tona asirin da ke bayan waɗannan na'urori na fasaha mai wayo.Za mu bincika yadda photocells da na'urorin firikwensin motsi ke aiki da yadda suke ba da gudummawa ga aiki mara kyau na mahallin fasahar mu.
Ta yaya Photocells Aiki?
Photocells, a kimiyance aka sani da photoresistors komasu dogara da haske (LDRs), su ne na'urorin semiconductor waɗanda ke nuna halayen juriya masu canzawa dangane da tsananin hasken da ya faru.
A matakin asali, aphotocellyana aiki azaman resistor wanda juriyarsa ke daidaitawa don amsa juzu'in hasken da ya faru.Tsarin aikinsa ya samo asali ne a cikin kayan aikin hoto wanda wasu kayan aikin semiconductor ke nunawa.A cikin ingantattun wurare masu haske, na'urar na'urar na'urar tana samun hauhawar aiki saboda hulɗa da photons.
Yawanci, photocells suna fasalta wani abu na semiconductor, dabarar shiga tsakanin yadudduka biyu.Semiconductor yana aiki a matsayin kayan aiki na farko, yana sauƙaƙe canjin kayan lantarki a gaban haske.Wannan gini mai rufi yana cikin gidaje, yana kare abubuwan ciki.
Yayin da photons ke karo da semiconductor, suna ba da isasshen kuzari ga electrons, suna haɓaka su zuwa matakan makamashi mafi girma.Wannan sauye-sauye yana haɓaka ɗab'i na semiconductor, yana haɓaka mafi sauƙin kwarara na halin yanzu.
Mahimmanci, a lokacin rana, lokacin da hasken ya haskaka, photocell yana aiki don rage makamashi, ta haka yana kashe fitilu a kan titi.Kuma da magriba, makamashi yana ƙaruwa, yana ƙara ƙarfin haske.
Ana iya haɗa hotunan hoto a cikin tsarin lantarki daban-daban, kamar fitilun titi, sigina, da na'urorin gano zama.Mahimmanci, ƙwayoyin photocells suna aiki azaman abubuwan haɗin kai, suna tsara martanin lantarki dangane da yanayin hasken yanayi.
Menene Sensors na Motion?
Na'urori masu auna motsi shine dalilin da hasken wutar lantarki ke kunnawa da sihiri lokacin da kake shiga daki ko wayarka ta san lokacin da za ta juya allon ta.
A taƙaice, firikwensin motsi ƙananan na'urori ne waɗanda ke ɗaukar kowane irin motsi a cikin kewayen su.Suna aiki ta hanyoyi daban-daban, kamar jin canjin zafi, wasa da raƙuman sauti, ko ma ɗaukar hoto mai sauri na yanki.
Na'urori masu auna firikwensin daban-daban suna amfani da hanyoyi daban-daban don gano motsi.Ga rugujewar na gama gari:
Sensive Infrared Sensors (PIR):
Yin amfani da radiation infrared,Sensive Infrared Sensors (PIR)na'urori masu auna firikwensin suna gano sauye-sauye a yanayin zafi.Kowane abu yana fitar da hasken infrared, kuma lokacin da abu ya motsa a cikin kewayon firikwensin, yana gano saurin zafi, yana nuna alamar motsi.
Sensor Ultrasonic:
Aiki daidai da echolocation, na'urori masu auna firikwensin ultrasonic suna fitarwaultrasonic taguwar ruwa.Idan babu motsi, raƙuman ruwa suna komawa akai-akai.Koyaya, lokacin da abu ya motsa, yana rushe tsarin igiyar ruwa, yana haifar da firikwensin yin rijistar motsi.
Sensors na Microwave:
Yin aiki akan ƙa'idar bugun bugun bugun zuciya, waɗannan na'urori masu auna firikwensin suna aikawa da karɓar microwaves.Lokacin da motsi ya faru, canza ƙirar echo, ana kunna firikwensin.Wannan tsarin yana kama da ƙaramin tsarin radar da aka haɗa cikin firikwensin motsi.
Sensors na Hoto:
An yi aiki da shi galibi a cikin kyamarori masu tsaro, na'urori masu auna hoto suna ɗaukar firam ɗin yanki na gaba.Ana gano motsi lokacin da akwai bambanci tsakanin firam.Mahimmanci, waɗannan na'urori masu auna firikwensin suna aiki azaman masu ɗaukar hoto masu sauri, suna faɗakar da tsarin zuwa kowane canje-canje.
Sensors na Tomography:
Yin amfaniigiyoyin rediyo, na'urori masu auna hoto suna haifar da ragamar da ba za a iya fahimta ba a kusa da wani yanki.Motsi yana tarwatsa wannan raga, yana haifar da canje-canje a tsarin igiyoyin rediyo, wanda firikwensin ke fassarawa azaman motsi.
Yi la'akari da su a matsayin idanu da kunnuwa na na'urorin ku masu wayo, koyaushe a shirye don sanar da su lokacin da ɗan ƙaramin aiki ke faruwa.
Photocells vs. Motion Sensors
Photocells, ko na'urori masu auna wutar lantarki, suna aiki akan ƙa'idar gano haske.Waɗannan na'urori masu auna firikwensin sun ƙunshi semiconductor wanda ke canza juriyar wutar lantarki dangane da adadin hasken yanayi.
Yayin da hasken rana ke raguwa, juriya yana ƙaruwa, yana haifar da firikwensin don kunna tsarin hasken da aka haɗa.Photocells suna da tasiri musamman a cikin mahalli tare da daidaitattun yanayin haske, suna ba da ikon sarrafa hasken wuta mai ƙarfi.
Yayin da photocells ke ba da sauƙi da aminci, za su iya fuskantar ƙalubale a yankunan da ke da yanayin haske daban-daban, kamar waɗanda ke da saurin rufewar girgije ko wurare masu inuwa.
Na'urori masu auna motsi, a gefe guda, sun dogara da infrared ko fasahar ultrasonic don gano motsi a cikin filin kallon su.Lokacin da aka gano motsi, firikwensin yana yin sigina na tsarin hasken wuta don kunnawa.Waɗannan na'urori masu auna firikwensin suna da kyau don wuraren da ake buƙatar fitilu kawai lokacin da mazauna suke, kamar hallways ko kabad.
Na'urori masu auna firikwensin motsi sun yi fice wajen samar da haske nan take akan gano motsi, suna ba da gudummawa ga tanadin makamashi ta hanyar tabbatar da fitilu suna aiki kawai lokacin da ake buƙata.Koyaya, suna iya nuna hankali ga tushen motsin da ba na ɗan adam ba, wanda ke haifar da ruɗar ƙarya lokaci-lokaci.
Zaɓin tsakanin photocells da firikwensin motsi ya dogara da takamaiman buƙatu da la'akari da muhalli.Idan daidaitaccen sarrafa hasken yanayi da ƙaramar sa hannun mai amfani shine fifiko, photocells suna da fa'ida.Don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar kunna walƙiya kan buƙata don amsa kasancewar ɗan adam, na'urori masu auna motsi suna ba da ƙarin ingantaccen bayani.
A cikin kwatanta photocells vs. motsi na'urori masu auna firikwensin, kowane tsarin yana gabatar da fa'idodi da iyakancewa.Zaɓaɓɓen zaɓi na ƙarshe yana rataye akan aikace-aikacen da aka yi niyya da ma'aunin da ake so tsakanin ƙarfin kuzari da amsawa.Ta hanyar fahimtar rikitattun fasaha na waɗannan fasahohin sarrafa hasken wuta, masu amfani za su iya yanke shawarar yanke shawara don biyan takamaiman bukatunsu.
Wanne Yafi Amfanin Makamashi?
Photocells, ko sel na lantarki, suna aiki akan ka'idar gano haske.Yin amfani da semiconductor don auna canje-canje a matakan haske, ana yawan amfani da su a tsarin hasken waje.A lokacin hasken rana, lokacin da hasken yanayi ya isa, photocell yana tabbatar da cewa fitulun suna kashe.Yayin faɗuwar magriba, yana haifar da tsarin haskakawa.
Daga mahangar ingantaccen makamashi, photocells suna da kyau yayin aiki na dare.Ayyukan su na atomatik yana kawar da buƙatar sa hannun hannu, tabbatar da cewa amfani da makamashi ya dace da ainihin bukatun hasken wuta.
Duk da haka, photocells suna da saukin kamuwa da abubuwan muhalli, kamar yanayin da ya wuce gona da iri ko kasancewar hasken wucin gadi mai ƙarfi, mai yuwuwar haifar da kunnawa kuskure da ɓarna makamashi.
Na'urori masu auna firikwensin motsi, akasin haka, sun dogara da gano motsin jiki don kunna tsarin hasken wuta.Galibi ana amfani da su azaman firikwensin zama, suna mayar da martani ga canje-canje a filin ji nasu.Lokacin da aka gano motsi, ana kunna fitilu don kunnawa, suna ba da tsarin haske akan buƙatu.
Ingancin na'urorin firikwensin motsi ya ta'allaka ne ga daidaito da daidaita su.Ba tare da la'akari da yanayin haske na yanayi ba, waɗannan na'urori masu auna firikwensin suna ba da fifikon motsi, suna mai da su tasiri musamman a wuraren da ke da zirga-zirgar ƙafa.
Koyaya, koma baya na firikwensin motsi shine halayensu na kashe fitulu idan babu motsi akan takamaiman lokaci.Masu amfani na iya fuskantar kashe fitilu lokacin da suke tsaye, suna buƙatar motsi don sake kunna tsarin hasken wuta.
Ƙayyadaddun zaɓin ingantaccen ƙarfin kuzari yana rataye akan takamaiman buƙatun haske.Photocells suna aiki tare tare da canje-canjen haske na halitta kuma sun dace da aikace-aikace inda wannan jeri yana da mahimmanci.Akasin haka, na'urori masu auna motsi sun kware wajen mayar da martani ga kasancewar ɗan adam, sun yi fice a wuraren da fitulun-buƙata ke da mahimmanci.
Koyaya, don ingantaccen bayani wanda ya dace da takamaiman buƙatunku, bincika kewayon sabbin fasahohin hasken mu aChiswear.
Kammalawa
A zahiri, bambanci tsakanin photocells da na'urori masu auna motsi ya taso har zuwa farkon abubuwan motsa jiki.Photocells suna aiki bisa canje-canje a cikin hasken yanayi, ingantaccen haske a cikin amsawa.Sabanin haka, na'urori masu auna firikwensin motsi suna yin aiki yayin gano motsi, suna haifar da kunna tsarin hasken wuta.Zaɓin tsakanin hinges biyu akan buƙatun fasaha mara kyau.Don haka, ko yana da kyau-daidaita haske ko amsa motsi, waɗannan na'urori masu auna firikwensin suna biyan buƙatu daban-daban dangane da fasahar haske mai wayo.
Lokacin aikawa: Fabrairu-02-2024