Photocell
Na'urar da ke gano haske.Ana amfani da shi don mitoci masu haske na hoto, fitilun titi-da-magariba ta atomatik da sauran aikace-aikace masu ɗaukar haske, photocell yana bambanta juriyarsa tsakanin tashoshi biyu dangane da adadin photons (hasken) da yake karɓa.Har ila yau ana kiranta "photodetector," "photoresistor" da "resistor mai dogara da haske" (LDR).
Kayan semiconductor na photocell yawanci cadmium sulfide ne (CdS), amma ana amfani da wasu abubuwa.Ana amfani da photocells da photodiodes don aikace-aikace iri ɗaya;duk da haka, photocell ya wuce na yanzu bi-directionally, yayin da photodiode ne unidirectional.
Photodiode
Na'urar firikwensin haske (photodetector) wanda ke ba da damar halin yanzu ya gudana ta hanya ɗaya daga wannan gefe zuwa wancan lokacin da ya ɗauki photon (haske).Ƙarin haske, mafi yawan halin yanzu.Ana amfani da shi don gano haske a cikin firikwensin kyamara, filayen gani da sauran aikace-aikace masu saurin haske, photodiode kishiyar diode mai fitar da haske (duba LED).Photodiodes gano haske kuma bari wutar lantarki ta gudana;LEDs suna karɓar wutar lantarki kuma suna fitar da haske.
Kwayoyin Rana Suna Photodiodes
Kwayoyin hasken rana su ne photodiodes waɗanda aka yi amfani da su ta hanyar sinadarai (doped) daban-daban fiye da photodiode da ake amfani da su azaman sauyawa ko relay.Lokacin da hasken rana ya bugi sel, kayan silikinsu suna jin daɗi zuwa yanayin da aka samar da ƙaramin wutar lantarki.Ana buƙatar tsarin photodiodes da yawa don sarrafa gida.
Phototransistor
Transistor da ke amfani da haske maimakon wutar lantarki don sa wutar lantarki ta gudana daga wannan gefe zuwa wancan.Ana amfani da shi a cikin na'urori masu auna firikwensin da ke gano kasancewar haske.Phototransistors suna haɗa photodiode da transistor tare don samar da ƙarin fitarwa na yanzu fiye da photodiode da kanta.
Wutar lantarki
Maida photons zuwa electrons.Lokacin da aka kunna haske akan karfe, ana fitar da electrons daga kwayoyin halittarsa.Mafi girman mitar haske, ƙarin ƙarfin lantarki yana fitowa.Na'urori masu auna firikwensin kowane nau'i suna aiki akan wannan ka'ida, misali photocell, kuma tantanin halitta na'urar lantarki ce.Suna jin haske kuma suna sa wutar lantarki ta gudana.
gini
photocell ya ƙunshi bututun gilashin da aka kwashe mai ɗauke da na'urorin lantarki guda biyu da masu tarawa.emitter yana da siffa a cikin nau'i na silinda mai zurfi.koyaushe ana kiyaye shi a cikin mummunan yuwuwar.mai tarawa yana cikin nau'i na sandar ƙarfe kuma an gyara shi a madaidaicin emitter semi-cylindrical.Ana kiyaye mai tarawa koyaushe a cikin kyakkyawan ma'auni.an saka bututun gilashi a kan tushe maras ƙarfe kuma ana ba da fil a tushe don haɗin waje.
aiki
an haɗa emitter zuwa tashar mara kyau kuma ana haɗa mai tarawa zuwa tabbataccen tasha na baturi.radiation na mita fiye da ƙofa na kayan emitter yana faruwa a kan emitter.fitar da hoto yana faruwa.da photo-electrons suna jawo hankalin mai tarawa wanda yake da kyau wrt da emitter haka halin yanzu gudana a cikin kewaye.idan an ƙara ƙarfin hasken abin da ya faru radiation ƙarar photoelectric halin yanzu.
Sauran yanayin aikace-aikacen mu na hoto
Aikin na'urar sauya sheka ita ce gano matakan haske daga rana, sannan kunna ko kashe na'urorin da aka haɗa su da su.Ana iya amfani da wannan fasaha ta hanyoyi da yawa, amma ɗaya daga cikin misalan da aka fi sani shine fitulun titi.Godiya ga na'urori masu auna firikwensin photocell da masu kunnawa, ana iya kunna su duka ta atomatik kuma bisa kan faɗuwar rana da fitowar rana.Wannan na iya zama babbar hanya don adana makamashi, samun hasken tsaro ta atomatik ko ma don kawai hasken lambun ku ya haskaka hanyoyin ku da dare ba tare da kunna su ba.Akwai hanyoyi daban-daban don amfani da photocells don fitilun waje, don dalilai na zama, kasuwanci ko masana'antu.Kuna buƙatar samun canjin hoto guda ɗaya kawai a cikin da'ira don samun damar sarrafa duk kayan aiki, don haka babu buƙatar siyan canji ɗaya kowace fitila.
Akwai nau'ikan sauyawa na photocell daban-daban da sarrafawa, duk sun fi dacewa da yanayi daban-daban da fa'idodi daban-daban.Mafi sauƙaƙan sauyawa zuwa ɗagawa zai zama ɗorawa mai ɗaure photocells.Hakanan masu sarrafa swivel suna da sauƙin shigarwa amma suna ba da ƙarin sassauci.Twist-Lock Photocontrols sun ɗan fi wahalar shigarwa, duk da haka sun fi ƙarfi kuma an gina su don jure wa girgiza da ƙananan tasiri ba tare da karye ko haifar da cire haɗin yanar gizo ba.Maɓalli photocells sun dace da fitilun waje, an ƙera su don a ɗaura igiya cikin sauƙi.
Tushen bayanan da za a iya samu:
1. www.pcmag.com/encyclopedia/term/photocell
2. lightbulbsurplus.com/parts-components/photocell/
3. learn.adafruit.com/photocells
4. thefactfactor.com/facts/pure_science/physics/photoelectric-cell/4896/
5. www.elprocus.com/phototransistor-basics-circuit-diagram-advantages-applications/
Lokacin aikawa: Yuli-16-2021